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FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling)

FDM

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a prominent 3D printing technology that utilizes a filament-based system to construct physical objects. The process starts with the creation of a 3D model using computer-aided design (CAD) software or by sourcing a pre-existing model. This model is then segmented into horizontal layers through specialized slicing software, preparing it for printing.

Before printing begins, the FDM printer must be meticulously prepared. This preparation involves leveling the build platform and cleaning the nozzle to ensure optimal functioning. The printer uses thermoplastic filaments, such as PLA or ABS, which are fed into a heated extruder nozzle. As the filament reaches its melting point, it transforms into a semi-fluid state.

The printer methodically deposits the melted filament onto the build platform, layer by layer. The extruder nozzle traces the designated paths based on the sliced model, laying down the material precisely. Each layer quickly cools and solidifies, bonding securely to the preceding layer, thus gradually shaping the intended object.

FDM technology offers a practical and flexible approach for fabricating functional prototypes, bespoke parts, and complex models. It supports a variety of details and can utilize different thermoplastic materials to fulfill diverse specifications. With applications spanning manufacturing, engineering, healthcare, education, and design, FDM continues to be an invaluable asset in numerous fields, democratizing production and fostering innovation.

Process Flow :

Design

The process begins with creating a 3D model using computer-aided design (CAD) software. The design can be either an original creation or a pre-existing model.

Slicing

The 3D model is then sliced into thin layers using specialized software. Each layer is assigned specific instructions for the 3D printer to follow.

Material Preparation

A thermoplastic filament is selected based on the desired properties of the final object. The filament is loaded into the 3D printer, which heats it to a precise temperature for extrusion.

Printing

The printer's extrusion nozzle moves along the designated path, depositing molten thermoplastic layer by layer. Each layer fuses with the previous one as it cools down, gradually building the object.

Post-Processing

Once the printing is complete, support structures (if used) are removed, and the object may undergo additional processes like sanding, painting, or surface finishing for a polished result.

Advantages :

Versatility

FDM technology supports a wide range of applications across industries, from prototyping and product development to manufacturing end-use parts.

Cost-Effective

FDM 3D printing offers an affordable alternative to traditional manufacturing methods, reducing tooling and production costs.

Rapid Iteration

Iterating and refining designs is faster and more cost-effective with FDM, allowing for quicker product development cycles.

Complex Geometries

FDM can produce intricate geometries, including overhangs, undercuts, and internal structures, without the need for additional assembly.

Material Variety

With a vast selection of thermoplastic materials available, FDM enables the production of parts with various mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties.

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SLA (Stereolithography)

MJF (Multi Jet Fusion)